Nonenumerated goods could go in English ships from English colonies directly to foreign ports. These included sugar (until 1739), indigo, and tobacco rice and molasses were added during the 18th century. The law was reenacted in 1660, and the practice was introduced of “enumerating” certain colonial products, which could be shipped directly only to England, Ireland, or another English colony. Various fish imports and exports were entirely reserved to English shipping, as was the English coastal trade. It distinguished between goods imported from European countries, which could be brought in either English ships or ships of the country of origin, and goods brought from Asia, Africa, or America, which could travel to England, Ireland, or any English colony only in ships from England or the particular colony. The great Navigation Act passed by the Commonwealth government in 1651 was aimed at the Dutch, then England’s greatest commercial rivals. The system came into its own at the beginning of the colonial era, in the 17th century.
In the 16th century various Tudor measures had to be repealed because they provoked retaliation from other countries. The first navigation act, passed in 1381, remained virtually a dead letter because of a shortage of ships. The measures, originally framed to encourage the development of English shipping so that adequate auxiliary vessels would be available in wartime, became a form of trade protectionism during an era of mercantilism.
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Navigation Acts, in English history, a series of laws designed to restrict England’s carrying trade to English ships, effective chiefly in the 17th and 18th centuries. SpaceNext50 Britannica presents SpaceNext50, From the race to the Moon to space stewardship, we explore a wide range of subjects that feed our curiosity about space!.Learn about the major environmental problems facing our planet and what can be done about them!
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